Superposed

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You'll very likely have to add VAT to those prices, just to give a reality check on the amount of discount you could expect for 'bulk' ordering. If they are trade prices they will not account for a dealer margin either

There used to be - Red Top and Green Top but now no longer, just one 'combined' for all uses with a Red top

Trying not to play devils advocate but isn't paying 40p/clay+ just commensurate with the facilities/experience offered? Premium grounds require premium investment and likely premium running costs, they are businesses after all and need to make money to continue and secure there operations for years to come. I'm happy to pay for the experience of Churchills/Royal Berks/H&H etc.. because what is offered is premium and enjoy it as such, for me a treat and in moderation. I'm equally as happy to pay 20-30p/clay for a local straw bailer or local club ground and also <10p/clay dragging out a trap myself, buying my own clays wherever I may be allowed to shoot. I expect good value like anyone else but shooting is a consumable sport, it can be an expensive one but its all relative. Not trying to be argumentative I'm just genuinely interested in the debate/views? The Economy and everyone's pockets are hurting now and likely for sometime to come but for things to continue and more forward there needs to be investment in clay shooting and someone has to ultimately pay for it.

Yes they can, it is non NHS work so free market/private work over and above. They can charge what they like, this can typically range from £10 to many hundreds of £. Likely to become compulsory soon, there is a Home Office consultation currently underway for all new grants and renewals for all.

100% GD used to shoot a Beretta 682 and won world competions with it before moving to Perazzi

Post 01/01/17 they should be all done via postal renewal so a much quicker turnaround, probably a week or two? - there are still people waiting pre 2017 who are still in the backlog from the old system i think.

Yes VAT is payable on used guns if the RFD is VAT registered. Its controlled under the Margin Scheme (like used Cars) % of Profit made.